促进氨燃料转化的预裂解器反应动力学分析
摘要：摘要在国家双碳背景和节能减排要求下,以氨为燃料的微型燃气轮机是氨利用的热门方向。但其火焰稳定性差和NOx排放等问题亟待解决。设计燃烧器底部燃料喷射和旋流方式,加入旁通管路,利用燃烧器外壁热量使部分氨预裂解为氢气和氮气以强化燃烧。优化氨热解反应动力学模型并利用Ansys Chemkin-Pro软件模拟温度和流速对旁路氨转化率的影响。结果表明,当温度达到1 500 K时,氨开始出现明显裂解行为;在1 500 ~ 1 800 K之间,氨转化率随温度升高迅速升高;当温度高于1 800 K后,氨转化率超过85%。流速的变化也会影响转化率,但明显小于温度的影响。同时,对不同温度下氨裂解反应路径开展敏感性分析,结果表明氨裂解反应路径受温度影响,在1 700 K温度下,反应NH3 + NH2 ⇋ N2H3 + H2对氨裂解促进效果最显著。结论验证了使用部分预裂解氨稳定燃烧的可行性,可为下一步研究氨单一燃料在微型燃气轮机的稳定燃烧和降低排放提供理论支持。
Abstract:：Under the national background of carbon neutrality and the requirements for energy conservation and emission reduction, the use of ammonia as fuel in micro gas turbines is a popular direction for ammonia utilization. However, issues such as poor flame stability and NOx emissions need to be addressed. In this study, a combustion chamber with fuel injection at the bottom and swirling flow was designed, and a bypass pipe was added to utilize the heat on the outer wall of the combustion chamber to partially pre-pyrolysis ammonia into hydrogen and nitrogen to enhance combustion. The effects of temperature and flow rate on the efficiency of bypass ammonia cracking were simulated by using Ansys Chemkin-Pro. The simulation results showed that when the temperature reached 1 500 K, there was significant cracking of ammonia. Within the temperature range of 1 500 ~ 1 800 K, the efficiency of ammonia cracking increased rapidly with increasing temperature. When the temperature exceeded 1 800 K, the efficiency of ammonia cracking exceeded 85%. Changes in flow rate also affect cracking efficiency, but the effect was significantly less than that of temperature. At the same time, the reaction pathways and sensitivity of ammonia cracking at different temperatures were analyzed. The results showed that the reaction pathway of ammonia cracking was influenced by temperature, and the reaction NH3 + NH2 ⇋ N2H3 + H2 was most sensitive to promoting ammonia cracking at 1 700 K. The conclusion verifies the theoretical feasibility of using partially pre-cracked ammonia to stabilize combustion and may provide theoretical support for further research on stable combustion and emission reduction of ammonia as a single fuel in micro gas turbines.
中文标题：促进氨燃料转化的预裂解器反应动力学分析
英文标题：Ammonia Fuel Pre-Pyrolyzer Design and Reaction Kinetic Analysis
发表时间：2023-03-24
作者：
路广, 王君雷, 李世龙, 梁兴雨, 王昆
作者简介：
路 广（1998-）,男,硕士研究生,主要从事零碳、可再生燃料与燃烧反应动力学研究。王 昆（1982-）,男,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要从事新能源转化与高效利用、发动机燃烧与排放、高能量密度燃料与含能材料、动力电池设计与优化等研究。
关键词：氨气,微型燃气轮机,燃烧室,预裂解,
Key words：ammonia,micro gas turbines,combustion chamber,pre-pyrolysis,
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