文档名：工业机器人应用对出口技术复杂度的影响研究
摘要：在工业4.0的时代背景下,工业机器人的应用逐渐渗透到制造业各个领域.中国作为全球制造业的引领者,对工业机器人技术的应用尤为积极.基于中国31个省级行政区(不含港澳台)2008-2019年的数据,研究工业机器人在中国制造业中的应用对出口技术复杂度的影响.研究发现:(1)工业机器人应用能够显著促进出口技术复杂度提升;(2)工业机器人应用通过创新渠道影响出口技术复杂度;(3)技术市场活跃程度和知识产权侵权程度对工业机器人应用和出口技术复杂度之间的关系分别产生强化和削弱的调节效应.因此,政府应进一步鼓励工业机器人在制造业领域的深化应用,同时积极维护创新环境,坚决打击专利侵权行为,给知识产权交易市场注入新的活力.
Abstract：Exporttechnicalsophisticationservesasanimportantmetricforgaugingthetechnologicallevelofanation'sexportproducts.Ahigherlevelofexporttechnicalsophisticationtypicallyimpliesamoreelevatedpositionintheglobalsupplychain,directlyimpactingthenation'sinternationalcompetitivenessandpotentialforeconomicgrowth.IntheeraofIndustry4.0,theglobalmanufacturingsectorisundergoingarevolutiondrivenbyautomationanddigitalization,withindustrialrobots,asrepresentativesofadvancedmanufacturingtechnology,increasinglyinfiltratingvariousfieldsofmanufacturing.China,asaglobalmanufacturingleader,hasbeenparticularlyproactiveintheapplicationofindustrialrobottechnology.ThegovernmentdepartmentsinChinahavereleasedmultipleindustrialpoliciesconcerningindustrialrobots.In2022,theinstallationvolumeofindustrialrobotsinChinaaccountedformorethan50%oftheglobalshare,andthedensityofrobotsinmanufacturingreached392unitsper10000people,exceedingthelevelof2010by32times.Researchontheimpactofindustrialrobotapplicationsonexportshasbecomeahottopicinrecentyears.Agrowingbodyofliteratureonthistopicencompassesmultipleresearchangles,includingexportvolume,exportproductquality,positionintheglobalvaluechain,andthecomplexityofexporttechnology.However,scholarshavenotyetreachedaconsensusoncertainissues.Forinstance,inthepaperofexporttechnologysophistication,differenteconomytypesmaycorrespondtodifferentvariablerelationships,makingitnecessarytoconductseparatestudiesforChina.ItisnoteworthythatexistingliteratureusingChinaasaresearchsampleprimarilyfocusesattheenterpriselevel.Therefore,thispaperwilldelveintotheprovincial-leveladministrativeregionsinChina,focusingontheanalysisoftheimpactmechanismofindustrialrobotsinmanufacturingonexporttechnicalsophistication.Theapplicationofindustrialrobotscanboostexporttechnicalsophistication.Enhancedperceptualcapabilities,improvedflexibility,andincreasedintelligenceenableindustrialrobotstoperformincreasinglycomplextasks.Besides,thehighprecisionandstabilityofindustrialrobotsensurethehighqualityandtechnicalcontentofproducts,therebyincreasingthetechnicalsophisticationoftheproducts.Themechanismthroughwhichtheapplicationofindustrialrobotsenhancesexporttechnicalsophisticationisinnovation.Innovationdrivesthetransformationandupgradingofthemanufacturingsector.Theapplicationofindustrialrobotscanpromoteinnovationinthemanufacturingindustry,andtheindustry'sinnovativeactivitiescanenhancethetechnicalsophisticationofitsexports.Firstly,industrialrobotscapableofcompletingmoredifficultandcomplexmanufacturingtasksbringmorepossibilitiesforproductupgrades,allowingtheproductionofproductswithhighertechnicalsophistication.Secondly,theefficientfunctioningofindustrialrobotsrequiresahigherlevelofprocessautomation,meaningthatinstallinganddeployingindustrialrobotsoftenleadstotherestructuringandoptimizationofmanufacturingprocesses,whichcanresultinsignificantinnovation.Additionally,theapplicationofindustrialrobotsandtheirassociateddigitaltechnologiescangeneratemorebusinessdata.Byconnectingandintegratingpreviouslyfragmenteddata,businessescanunlocktheintrinsicvalueofindustrydata,providingdecisionsupportforproductimprovementandinnovation,therebyfacilitatinganincreaseinthetechnicalsophisticationofproducts.Thispaperisbasedondatafrom31provincial-leveladministrativeregions(exceptHongKong,Macao,Taiwan)inChinafrom2008to2019,anditinvestigatestheimpactofindustrialrobotapplicationintheChina'smanufacturingindustryonexporttechnicalsophistication.Thedependentvariableisthetechnologicalcomplexityofmanufacturingexports.Theindependentvariableisthedensityofindustrialrobots.Thecontrolvariablescomprisetradeopenness,fiscalexpenditurelevel,laborsupply,levelofR&Dspending,vibrancyofthetechnologymarket,logisticsinfrastructurequality,foreigndirectinvestment.Afterconductingoperationssuchasreplacingexplanatoryvariables,addingcontrolvariables,consideringexternalshocks,andremovingspecialsamples,theempiricalresultsremainrobust.Toaddresstheissueofendogeneity,thispaperconstructsinstrumentalvariablesusingdatafromtheU.S.industrialrobotindustryandthefirstlagoftheexplanatoryvariables,employingtwo-stepGMM,iterativeGMM,and2SLSmethodsforregressionestimation.Thepaperrevealsthefollowingfindings:(1)Theapplicationofindustrialrobotscansignificantlypromotetheenhancementofexporttechnicalsophistication;(2)Theuseofindustrialrobotsaffectsexporttechnicalsophisticationthroughinnovationchannels;(3)Thevitalityofthetechnologymarketandthedegreeofintellectualpropertyinfringementrespectivelyintensifyandweakentherelationshipbetweentheapplicationofindustrialrobotsandexporttechnicalsophistication.Therefore,itisimperativeforthegovernmenttofurtherpromotetheintensifiedapplicationofindustrialrobotswithinthemanufacturingsector.Concurrently,thereshouldbeaproactivemaintenanceoftheinnovativeenvironment,coupledwitharesolutecrackdownonpatentinfringementactivities,inordertoinvigoratetheintellectualpropertytradingmarketwithnewvitality.
作者：冯春风 冯鲍Author：FENGChunfeng FENGBao
作者单位：广西大学经济学院,广西南宁530004
刊名：重庆理工大学学报
Journal：JournalofChongqingInstituteofTechnology
年，卷(期)：2024, 38(4)
分类号：F426F752.6F426.67
关键词：出口技术复杂度 工业机器人 制造业 技术创新 知识产权保护
Keywords：exporttechnicalsophistication industrialrobots manufacturingindustry technologyinnovation intellectualpropertyprotection
机标分类号：F713.58F832.1TP242.2
在线出版日期：2024年3月20日
基金项目：广西研究生教育创新计划资助项目，广西哲学社会科学规划研究课题重点项目工业机器人应用对出口技术复杂度的影响研究[
期刊论文] 重庆理工大学学报--2024, 38(4)冯春风 冯鲍在工业4.0的时代背景下,工业机器人的应用逐渐渗透到制造业各个领域.中国作为全球制造业的引领者,对工业机器人技术的应用尤为积极.基于中国31个省级行政区(不含港澳台)2008-2019年的数据,研究工业机器人在中国制造...参考文献和引证文献
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工业机器人应用对出口技术复杂度的影响研究 The impact of the industrial robot implication on export technical sophistication:Evidence from the China's manufacturing industry
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