文档名：接枝聚丙烯电缆绝缘材料的电树枝特性及机理
摘要：开发高性能的可回收聚丙烯电缆绝缘材料已成为近年来电绝缘领域的研究热点之一.该文对纯聚丙烯(PP)及甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)接枝改性聚丙烯试样的电树枝引发和生长特性进行了研究.试验结果发现,相较于纯聚丙烯试样,接枝试样的电树枝引发时间显著提高,电树枝劣化区域和生长速率明显减小.分析表明,接枝MMA单体在聚丙烯试样内部引入了大量深陷阱,并减小了球晶尺寸,有利于抑制载流子的输运行为并显著压缩了非晶区通道的空间尺度,进而改善了接枝试样的电树枝引发特性.此外,接枝试样的球晶尺寸减小使得非晶区通道更为曲折狭长,显著增加了电树枝沿着电场方向生长的阻力,进而改善了接枝试样的电树枝生长特性.随着MMA单体掺杂含量的增多,接枝试样的电树枝引发和生长特性逐渐提升.研究结果可为高性能接枝聚丙烯电缆绝缘材料的研发提供参考.
Abstract：Tomeettherequirementsofincreasingthetransmissioncapacityofthepowergrid,thedevelopmentofrecyclablepolypropylene(PP)cableinsulationmaterialhasbecomeahotspotinrecentyears.Theelectricaltreeisaseriouselectricalageingphenomenonofinsulation.Whenthecablerunsinahighvoltageenvironmentforalongtime,theageingdeteriorationprocesswillintroducealargenumberofdefectsintheinsulatinglayer,andthesedefectswillproducealocalhighelectricfield,whichmayinitiateanelectricaltreeandresultininsulationfailure.AlargenumberofresearchresultsshowthatgraftmodificationcanstablyimprovethedielectricpropertiesofPPmaterials,butitisnotclearwhethergraftmodificationcanimprovetheelectricaltreepropertiesofPPcableinsulationmaterialsunderlong-termoperationandtherelatedmechanism.Inthispaper,themethylmethacrylate(MMA)monomerisgraftedbytheaqueoussuspensionmethod.Aneedle-needleelectrodestructureisappliedintheelectricaltreetest.Theneedlesarepre-embeddedtoavoidmechanicaldamage.TheresultsshowthatcomparedwithpurePP,theelectricaltreeinitiationtimeofgraftedPPissignificantlyimproved,andthedeteriorationareaandgrowthrateoftheelectricaltreearesignificantlyreduced.WiththeincreaseoftheMMAcontent,theelectricaltreeperformanceimprovesmonotonously.Althoughthemorphologyofthetreesisbranch-like,thenumberofbranchesdecreasesasthegraftingcontentincreases.Thetrapdistributioncharacteristicsarestudied,anditisfoundthataftertheMMAisgraftedontothePPmatrix,thelevelofdeeptrapsincreases.AsMMAcontentincreases,thedensityofthedeeptrapsincreasesgradually.Thecrystallizationcharacteristicsarestudiedinthispaper.TheresultsofdifferentialscanningcalorimetryshowthatthecrystallinitydropswhenMMAisgrafted,forthesterichindranceeffectofthelargesidegroupvolumeofMMAmonomersthathinderstheorderlyfoldingofPPchains.Thespherulitemorphologyisstudiedthroughpolarizedmicroscopy,itisfoundthatthesizeofthespherulitesdecreasesmonotonouslywiththeincreaseofthegraftingcontent.TheanalysisshowsthatthepolarfunctionalgroupcarbonylinthegraftedMMAmonomercanintroducealargenumberofdeeptrapsintothePPmatrix,whichisconducivetoinhibitingthecarriertrapping,detrapping,recombiningandtransportingbehaviours.Asisknown,thedielectricpropertiesofthecrystalregionarebetterthanthatoftheamorphousregion.AndtheheterogeneousnucleationeffectofMMAmonomeronthePPmolecularchainincreasesthespherulitenumberandreducesthespherulitesize,significantlycompressingthespatialscaleoftheamorphouschannel.ThechangesMMAbringstotrapandcrystallizationcharacteristicstogethermaketheelectricaltreeinitiationcharacteristicsofgraftedPPimproved.Inaddition,thedecreaseinspherulitesizeofgraftedPPmakestheamorphouschannelmoretortuousandnarrower,whichsignificantlyincreasestheresistanceofelectrictreegrowthalongthedirectionoftheelectricfield,andthenimprovestheelectrictreegrowthcharacteristicsofgraftedPP.WiththeincreaseofMMAmonomergraftingcontent,theelectricaltreeinitiationandgrowthcharacteristicsofgraftedPPgraduallyimprove.
作者：张雯嘉 王伟 袁浩 李琦 何金良 Author：ZhangWenjia WangWei YuanHao LiQi HeJinliang
作者单位：新能源电力系统全国重点实验室(华北电力大学)北京102206中石化(北京)化工研究院有限公司北京100013电力系统及发电设备控制和仿真国家重点实验室(清华大学电机系)北京100084
刊名：电工技术学报
Journal：TransactionsofChinaElectrotechnicalSociety
年，卷(期)：2024, 39(1)
分类号：TM211
关键词：聚丙烯 接枝改性 电树枝 可回收电缆
Keywords：Polypropylene graftmodification electricaltree recyclablecable
机标分类号：TQ325.14O482.31TM201.4
在线出版日期：2024年1月18日
基金项目：国家自然科学基金，国家重点研发计划，国家自然科学基金接枝聚丙烯电缆绝缘材料的电树枝特性及机理[
期刊论文] 电工技术学报--2024, 39(1)张雯嘉 王伟 袁浩 李琦 何金良开发高性能的可回收聚丙烯电缆绝缘材料已成为近年来电绝缘领域的研究热点之一.该文对纯聚丙烯(PP)及甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)接枝改性聚丙烯试样的电树枝引发和生长特性进行了研究.试验结果发现,相较于纯聚丙烯试样,接枝试...参考文献和引证文献
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